The practice of testicular self-examination is a method that can help with the early detection of possible changes in the testicles, such as lumps, swelling, and even testicular tumors, preserving male reproductive health. Learn how to do it at home.
Male reproductive health should be taken seriously. Early diagnosis of diseases can be crucial in improving treatment chances and preserving male fertility.
Among the most common problems that can affect men and be identified through testicular self-examination is testicular cancer, a concern especially for young men between the ages of 15 and 35.
However, just as men pay attention to changes in the penis, they should view testicular self-examination as an act of self-care.
How to Perform a Testicular Self-Examination in 5 Steps
Testicular self-examination is simple, quick, and can be done regularly. Here’s how:
Step 1: Prepare Yourself
Choose a quiet moment, preferably during or after a bath, when the scrotal skin is relaxed, making it easier to notice any changes and making the exam more comfortable.
Stand in front of a mirror so you can observe any visible abnormalities, such as lumps or swelling in the testicle.
Step 2: Examine One Testicle at a Time
Hold one of the testicles between your fingers and thumbs of both hands. Gently rotate it, feeling the entire surface for any lump, nodule, or irregularity that may be signs of testicular cancer or other conditions. Repeat the same procedure on the other testicle.
Step 3: Pay Attention to the Epididymis
The epididymis is a soft structure at the top and back of the testicle that is part of the sperm production system, and it should not be forgotten during the testicular self-examination. Ensure that this area is not swollen or sore. Discomfort in the region may indicate azoospermia, an absence of sperm that affects fertility.
Step 4: Note the Differences
Pay attention to any differences in size, shape, or texture between the testicles. It is normal for one testicle to be slightly larger or lower than the other, but significant differences or persistent pain on one side could be signs of cryptorchidism (when a testicle does not descend correctly) or even ectopia (testicle positioned outside the scrotum).
Step 5: Record Your Findings
After the exam, reflect:
- Did you notice any unusual lumps?
- Was any area more sensitive?
- Was there any swelling?
- Did you observe any significant difference between the testicles?
It is important to record your results so that, over time, you can compare them. Any new findings should be reported to a urologist, as early diagnosis of diseases can make all the difference.
Testicular Self-Examination Frequency
There is no consensus on the ideal frequency for testicular self-examinations. However, including it in a monthly routine of sexual health care is an appropriate interval.
This frequency helps you become familiar with the normal texture, size, and shape of your testicles, making it easier to notice any changes.
Signs to Watch For
Whether during a testicular self-examination or in daily life, some symptoms may indicate that the testicles need attention. Be on the lookout for signs such as:
- Lump or swelling
- Heaviness in the scrotum
- Pain in the lower abdomen or groin
- Unexplained increase or decrease in one testicle
- Sudden, intense pain in one or both testicles
- Increased sensitivity in the testicles
- Redness or swelling in the scrotum
- Fluid around the testicles
If any of these signs persist, seek medical attention promptly.
The Importance of Testicular Self-Examination
Regular practice of testicular self-examination helps in the early detection of changes that may indicate serious health conditions, such as testicular cancer, or those that impact male reproductive health and interfere with the dream of fatherhood.
In cases of male infertility, in many cases, it is possible to treat or even perform semen cryopreservation, a modern technique that can help these men become fathers in the future.
Risk Factors
Although any man can develop conditions that affect the testicles, certain risk factors increase this probability, such as:
- Family history
- Presence of genetic abnormalities
- Infertility or low/no sperm production
In such cases, a male check-up becomes an essential tool for monitoring any potential consequences to the testicles.
Does Testicular Cancer Have a Cure?
Testicular cancer is one of the most serious health issues affecting this part of the body, and yes, it has a high cure rate, especially when diagnosed early.
Treatment can be done with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy.
How to Prevent Testicular Cancer?
Although it is not possible to completely prevent this type of cancer, there are measures that can be taken to minimize the risks:
- Perform regular testicular self-examinations;
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle;
- Avoid toxic substances, such as tobacco, alcohol, and drugs;
- Consult a urologist regularly.
Simple and important, testicular self-examination can help with the early detection of serious health and fertility conditions, and it is recommended that it be performed regularly. Additionally, it is essential to seek medical advice if you notice any changes in the genital area, such as the testicles or penis. For more men’s health tips, join Dr. Paulo Egydio’s WhatsApp channel.
